Dupes for Perricone MD Vitamin C Ester 15

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1. ↑ solvents ( Water ) solvent

2. ↑ Ascorbyl Palmitate. A moisturizing vitamin C ester, fat/lipid soluble, antioxidant and preservative

3. ↑ fatty alcohols ( Cetearyl Alcohol ) coconut-derived emollient moisturizer, emulsifies & stabilizes emulsions; thickeners; carrying agents; slightly waxy texture

4. ↑ glyceryl stearate SE ( Glyceryl Stearate ) self-emulsifying emollient & thickening agent, the higher up an ingredient list it is, the thicker the formula

5. ↑ PEG-100 Stearate. a moisturizing emollient & emulsifier

6. ↑ silicone ( Dimethicone ) gives skin a nice “slip”, film-formers; can “carry” other active ingredients; may clog pores for some (depending on the silicones properties); some are water-soluble, some not; anti-foaming; skin protectant

7. ↑ preservatives ( Phenoxyethanol ) Used as a preservative or enhances the efficacy of preservatives

8. ↑ Cyclopentasiloxane. Silicone; makes stuff easily spreadable; used as a conditioner, delivery agent, lubricant & solvent. Helps deliver other, heavier, silicones also in a product (like dimethicone)

9. ↑ Caprylyl Glycol. An alcohol, derived from a plant which is used as an emollient and coconut derived preservative.

10. ↑ Fragrance. Fragrance in skin care is like spraying perfume on your face. Smells nice, but potentially irritating and damaging to your skin’s acid mantle. Especially if these ingredients are high up on the ingredient list.

11. ↑ Zinc Sulfate. astringent; irritant

12. ↑ Disodium EDTA. preservative & product stabilizer; helps the topical penetration of active ingredients; chelating agent

13. ↑ palm oil ( Elaeis ) emollient skin-conditioner; antioxidant

14. ↑ Tocotrienols. Tocotrienols is used in skincare and cosmetics as a/an dental care, moisturizing, UV absorber ingredient.

15. ↑ Vitamin E ( Tocopherol ) Antioxidant emollient & occlusive moisturizer with proven effects: protects the epidermis from early stages of ultraviolet light damage; increases the efficacy of active sunscreen ingredients; reduces the formation of free radicals upon skin exposure to UVA rays and other sources of skin stress; reduces transepidermal water loss from skin and strengthens the skin’s barrier function; protects the skin barrier’s oil (lipid) balance during the cleansing process; reduces the severity of sunburn; preservative (if at the end of the list)

16. ↑ hyaluronic acid ( Sodium Hyaluronate ) A humectant moisturizer; proven to boost skin’s moisture content, reduce inflammation, have cell-communicating abilitites & help prevent moisture loss