Dupes for Source Naturals Skin Eternal Serum

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1. ↑ solvents ( water ) solvent

2. ↑ propylene glycol. solvent; humectant; gives a product “slip”; helps “carry” other ingredients into the skin; also enhances the efficacy of preservatives; controls viscosity

3. ↑ polysorbate 80. Polysorbate 80 is used in skincare and cosmetics as a/an denaturating solution, emulsifying, cleansing surfactant ingredient.

4. ↑ glycerin. A humectant moisturizer; usually used as a base in (light) moisturizers

5. ↑ vitamin C. an antioxidant proven to give you photoprotection by preventing oxidation & inflammation; boosts collagen production; can lighten hyperpigmentation if the concentration is high enough; also used as pH adjuster/buffering agent; fragrance ingredient

6. ↑ ascorbyl palmitate. A moisturizing vitamin C ester, fat/lipid soluble, antioxidant and preservative

7. ↑ DMAE. Said to be skin firming; moderately anti-inflammatory; scientific studies on this ingredient show conflicting info

8. ↑ polyethylene. emollient; scrub agent; film former; stabilizer; binding agent; thickener

9. ↑ glycolic acid. Proven to reduce fine lines & wrinkles; hyperpigmentation; smooths, exfoliates & thickens skin; increases skin hydration & elasticity; good melasma treatment

10. ↑ lemon extract ( lemon oil ) Lemon extract in skincare is a known skin sensitizer and irritant. It can have antibacterial properties but it’s incredibly irritating, as lemon juice has a pH of 2, which is very acidic and its use is linked with damage to your skin’s acid mantle. Lemon extract/juice/peel/oil does way more harm than good. Using lemon juice on your skin, or products containing lemon extract, lemon oil, lemon peel and even other citrus extracts and peel oils (like orange, mandarin, grapefruit, etc.) can cause brown discolorations and red rash looking irritation when you go out into the sun. This is a reaction known as phytophotodermatitis.

11. ↑ lavender. Mainly used for aromatherapy than skincare; mild antimicrobial/anti-inflammatory effects make it useful as part of a preservative system in a product; fragrance components oxidize on skin & can cause irritation

12. ↑ aloe. emollient moisturizer with anti-inflammatory; antioxidant, & antibacterial qualities

13. ↑ biotin. texturizer; no reported skin benefit when applied topically; may regulate sebum

14. ↑ retinol ( vitamin A ) Proven antioxidant anti-wrinkle treatment; induces collagen synthesis, increases skin elasticity, smoother skin & skin lightening effects; treats hyperpigmentation

15. ↑ vitamin D. antioxidant, anti-inflammatory & immune-stimulating benefits for skin; active form helps control psoriasis

16. ↑ ubiquinone ( coenzyme Q10 ) may have potential depigmentation effects; proven moisturizing antioxidant; reduces UV damage; stimulates collagen; anti-inflammatory

17. ↑ vitamin E. Antioxidant emollient & occlusive moisturizer with proven effects: protects the epidermis from early stages of ultraviolet light damage; increases the efficacy of active sunscreen ingredients; reduces the formation of free radicals upon skin exposure to UVA rays and other sources of skin stress; reduces transepidermal water loss from skin and strengthens the skin’s barrier function; protects the skin barrier’s oil (lipid) balance during the cleansing process; reduces the severity of sunburn; preservative (if at the end of the list)

18. ↑ calcium pantothenate. Calcium Pantothenate is used in skincare and cosmetics as a/an antistatic, hair moisturizing ingredient.

19. ↑ chamomile. anti-inflammatory,calming,soothing

20. ↑ Ceramide Eop ( 1 ) Ceramides can help restore the skin’s barrier system; improves texture, reduces topical irritation, restores moisture

21. ↑ silicone ( simethicone ) gives skin a nice “slip”, film-formers; can “carry” other active ingredients; may clog pores for some (depending on the silicones properties); some are water-soluble, some not; anti-foaming; skin protectant

22. ↑ preservatives ( phenoxyethanol ) Used as a preservative or enhances the efficacy of preservatives