Dupes for Kiehls Powerful-Strength Dark Circle Reducing Vitamin C Eye Serum

eBay	$28.99	Check price
Amazon.com	$34.38 35 new from $28.09	Check price
Sephora.com	$48.54	Check price
Macys.com	$50.00	Check price
Kiehls.com	$50.00	Check price
Macys.com	$50.00	Check price
Lookfantastic.com	£42.00	Check price
Beautyexpert.com	£42.00	Check price
Libertylondon.com	$54.00	Check price
Fragrancenet.com	$76.99	Check price
Nordstrom.com	$82.00	Check price
Libertylondon.com	£90.50	Check price
Libertylondon.com	$120.00	Check price

1. ↑ egg. moisturizing ingredient

2. ↑ Propylene Glycol. solvent; humectant; gives a product “slip”; helps “carry” other ingredients into the skin; also enhances the efficacy of preservatives; controls viscosity

3. ↑ silicone ( Dimethicone ) gives skin a nice “slip”, film-formers; can “carry” other active ingredients; may clog pores for some (depending on the silicones properties); some are water-soluble, some not; anti-foaming; skin protectant

4. ↑ Glycerin. A humectant moisturizer; usually used as a base in (light) moisturizers

5. ↑ Ceramide Eop ( 1 ) Ceramides can help restore the skin’s barrier system; improves texture, reduces topical irritation, restores moisture

6. ↑ Vitamin C ( Ascorbic Acid ) an antioxidant proven to give you photoprotection by preventing oxidation & inflammation; boosts collagen production; can lighten hyperpigmentation if the concentration is high enough; also used as pH adjuster/buffering agent; fragrance ingredient

7. ↑ Dimethicone Crosspolymer. Dimethicone Crosspolymer is used in skincare and cosmetics as a/an emulsion stabilizing, hair fixing, viscosity controlling ingredient.

8. ↑ cleansing/lathering OR emulsifying agents ( Cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 Dimethicone ) depending on the product, this ingredient cleanses; emulsifies; lathers; makes products foamy/creamy & spread better

9. ↑ solvents ( Water ) solvent

10. ↑ Hydroxyethylpiperazine Ethane Sulfonic Acid. used as an enzyme activator but most commonly a buffering agent

11. ↑ Lauroyl Lysine. skin- and hair-conditioning agent that gives product’s texture by helping to gel solvents

12. ↑ Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate. absorbent; anticaking agent; lipophilic viscosity controlling; thickener

13. ↑ Polysilicone-11. film forming silicone polymer

14. ↑ titanium dioxide ( CI 77891 ) A broad-spectrum SPF sunscreen; sometimes used as a pigment & for its opacity

15. ↑ Adenosine. anti-inflammatory

16. ↑ Hyaluronic Acid. A humectant moisturizer; proven to boost skin’s moisture content, reduce inflammation, have cell-communicating abilitites & help prevent moisture loss

17. ↑ preservatives ( Chlorhexidine Digluconate ) Used as a preservative or enhances the efficacy of preservatives

18. ↑ N-Hydroxysuccinimide. You’ll often see chrysin and N-hydroxysuccinimide listed one after the other on ingredient lists for eye products (usually targeting dark circles). Chrysin and N-hydroxysuccinimide activate the elimination of blood originated pigments responsible for the color of dark circles and local inflammation. Infra-orbital shadows are due to the accumulation of haemoglobin and its coloured degradation products – biliverdin, bilirubin and iron – in the dermis and epidermis. Chrysin stimulates the enzyme leading to the clearance of bilirubin. N-hydroxysuccinimide renders the iron soluble for natural elimination.
This ingredient is slightly acidic, and is an known irritant to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.

19. ↑ citric acid ( Sodium Citrate ) mainly used as a cleaning agent & preservative; pH adjuster; in higher concentration it’s an AHA (in peels & antiaging products)

20. ↑ Chrysin. A moisturizing flavone found in honey, propolis, and the passion flowers. You’ll often see chrysin and N-hydroxysuccinimide listed one after the other on ingredient lists for eye products (usually targeting dark circles). They activate the elimination of blood originated pigments responsible for the color of dark circles and local inflammation.

21. ↑ Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7. a moisturizing regenerating peptide; may suppress the production of inflammation

22. ↑ Biotin. texturizer; no reported skin benefit when applied topically; may regulate sebum