Paula’s Choice Calm Mineral Moisturizer SPF 30 for Normal To Dry Skin

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Active Ingredients: Titanium Dioxide⁸ (3.85%), Zinc Oxide¹ (3.12%) Inactive Ingredients: Water (Aqua), C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate (Texture-Enhancing/Emollient), Isononyl Isononanoate¹⁶ (Texture-Enhancing/Emollient), Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil (Apricot Oil/Non-Fragrant Plant Oil/Emollient), Cyclopentasiloxane²¹ (Hydration), Glyceryl Stearate¹⁷ (Emollient), PEG-100 Stearate¹³ (Texture-Enhancing), Butylene Glycol²⁴ (Hydration), Pentylene Glycol¹² (Hydration), Cetearyl Alcohol (Emollient), Dimethicone (Hydration), Glycine¹⁸ Soja Sterols (Soybean/Emollient), Vp/Eicosene Copolymer (Texture-Enhancing), Avena Sativa Kernel Extract (Oat Extract/Skin-Soothing), Glycerin¹⁹ (Hydration/Skin Replenishing), Sodium Hyaluronate² (Hydration), Allantoin²⁶ (Skin-Soothing), Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E⁴/Antioxidant), Hydrogenated Lecithin¹⁵ (Skin Replenishing), Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (Vitamin C⁵/Antioxidant), Superoxide Dismutase⁹ (Antioxidant), Ubiquinone⁶ (Antioxidant), Ceramide³ NG (Hydration/Skin Replenishing), Methicone (Hydration), Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-12 (Texture-Enhancing), PEG-10 Dimethicone (Texture-Enhancing), Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract (Cucumber²² Extract/Skin-Soothing), Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (Emollient), Tribehenin⁷ (Emollient), PEG-10 Phytosterol¹⁴ (Texture-Enhancing/Emollient), Sorbitan Stearate¹⁰ (Texture-Enhancing), Polyhydroxystearic Acid¹¹ (Texture-Enhancing), Alumina²⁷ (Stabilizer), Polysorbate 20 (Stabilizer), Aluminum Stearate²⁵ (Texture-Enhancing), Xanthan Gum (Texture-Enhancing), Caprylyl Glycol²³ (Preservative), Disodium EDTA²⁰ (Stabilizer), Ethylhexylglycerin (Preservative), Phenoxyethanol (Preservative), Chlorphenesin (Preservative)

Ingredient	What it does
¹zinc oxide	UVA + UVB sunscreen; anti-irritant, thickener, coloring agent/pigment; bulking agent
²sodium hyaluronate	A humectant moisturizer; proven to boost skin's moisture content, reduce inflammation, have cell-communicating abilitites & help prevent moisture loss
³ceramide	can help restore the skin's barrier system; improves texture, reduces topical irritation, restores moisture
⁴Vitamin E	Antioxidant emollient & occlusive moisturizer with proven effects: protects the epidermis from early stages of ultraviolet light damage; increases the efficacy of active sunscreen ingredients; reduces the formation of free radicals upon skin exposure to UVA rays and other sources of skin stress; reduces transepidermal water loss from skin and strengthens the skin's barrier function; protects the skin barrier's oil (lipid) balance during the cleansing process; reduces the severity of sunburn; preservative (if at the end of the list)
⁵Vitamin C	an antioxidant proven to give you photoprotection by preventing oxidation & inflammation; boosts collagen production; can lighten hyperpigmentation if the concentration is high enough; also used as pH adjuster/buffering agent; fragrance ingredient
⁶ubiquinone	may have potential depigmentation effects; proven moisturizing antioxidant; reduces UV damage; stimulates collagen; anti-inflammatory
⁷tribehenin	emollient occlusive agent
⁸titanium dioxide	A broad-spectrum SPF sunscreen; sometimes used as a pigment & for its opacity
⁹superoxide dismutase	proven potent antioxidant
¹⁰Sorbitan Stearate	emulsifier, combines oil and water in the formula
¹¹Polyhydroxystearic Acid	emulsifier, combines oil and water in the formula
¹²pentylene glycol	synthetic humectant moisturizer; also a solvent & anti-microbial preservative
¹³PEG-100 Stearate	a moisturizing emollient & emulsifier
¹⁴Peg-10 Phytosterol	emulsifier, combines oil and water in the formula
¹⁵lecithin	moisturizing phospholipid; emulsifies & thickens a product; water-binder; mild preservative; penetrates skin well so is a great ingredient others can "piggyback on" into your skin
¹⁶isononyl isononanoate	skin-conditioning emollient
¹⁷glyceryl stearate	self-emulsifying emollient & thickening agent, the higher up an ingredient list it is, the thicker the formula
¹⁸glycine	buffering agent; keeps skin moist; said to relieve itching
¹⁹Glycerin	A humectant moisturizer; usually used as a base in (light) moisturizers
²⁰disodium EDTA	preservative & product stabilizer; helps the topical penetration of active ingredients; chelating agent
²¹Cyclopentasiloxane	Silicone; makes stuff easily spreadable; used as a conditioner, delivery agent, lubricant & solvent. Helps deliver other, heavier, silicones also in a product (like dimethicone)
²²cucumber	moisturizing & anti-inflammatory (contains 95% water)
²³caprylyl glycol	An alcohol, derived from a plant which is used as an emollient and coconut derived preservative.
²⁴butylene glycol	solvent; penetration enhancer; humectant moisturizer; in cleansing creams it dissolves dirt, avoids the product from drying too quickly during the removal stage & helps formulas spread better
²⁵aluminum stearate	Anticaking agent; Pigment; Emulsion Stabilizer; Lipophilic Thickener
²⁶allantoin	considered an effective anti-irritant; an occlusive that temporarily helps protect from chapped skin or windburn damage; softens skin & exfoliates; also a preservative
²⁷alumina	Abrasive; Opacifying agent; Anticaking agent; Absorbent; Viscosity Controlling; feels like fine grains of sand in microdermabrasion creams; in lower concentrations, can be used to create a soft focus effect in leave-on products