Paula’s Choice Skin Recovery Enriched Calming Toner

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Aqua, Cyclopentasiloxane¹² (conditioning agent), Butylene Glycol¹⁴ (water-binding agent/humectant/slip agent), Glycereth-26¹⁸ (conditioning agent), Dimethiconol (conditioning agent), Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose¹⁰) Oil (conditioning agent), Borago Officinalis (Borage) Seed Oil (conditioning agent), (water-binding agent), Tocopheryl Acetate (vitamin E¹/antioxidant), Tocopherol (vitamin E/antioxidant), Ascorbyl Palmitate¹⁶ (vitamin C²/antioxidant), Panthenol⁵ (anti-irritating), Allantoin¹⁷ (anti-irritant), Glycerin⁹ (humectants), Hydrogenated Lecithin⁷ (cell-communicating ingredient), Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride¹³ (emollient/skin-repairing ingredient), Niacinamide⁶ (vitamin B3/cell-communicating ingredient), Superoxide Dismutase³ (antioxidant), PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil⁸⁴ (emulsifying agent), Linoleamidopropyl PG-Dimonium Chloride Phosphate¹⁹ (conditioning agent), Laureth-4 (surfactant), Laureth-23 (conditioning agent), Disodium EDTA¹¹ (chelating agent), Sodium Benzoate (preservative), Phenoxyethanol (preservative), Chlorphenesin (preservative), Benzoic Acid¹⁵ (preservative), Sorbic Acid (preservative).

Paula’s Choice Skin Recovery Collection

Ingredient	What it does
¹Vitamin E	Antioxidant emollient & occlusive moisturizer with proven effects: protects the epidermis from early stages of ultraviolet light damage; increases the efficacy of active sunscreen ingredients; reduces the formation of free radicals upon skin exposure to UVA rays and other sources of skin stress; reduces transepidermal water loss from skin and strengthens the skin's barrier function; protects the skin barrier's oil (lipid) balance during the cleansing process; reduces the severity of sunburn; preservative (if at the end of the list)
²Vitamin C	an antioxidant proven to give you photoprotection by preventing oxidation & inflammation; boosts collagen production; can lighten hyperpigmentation if the concentration is high enough; also used as pH adjuster/buffering agent; fragrance ingredient
³superoxide dismutase	proven potent antioxidant
⁴Peg-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil	emulsifier; surfactant
⁵panthenol	humectant emollient moisturizer; anti-inflammatory
⁶niacinamide	Proven healing antioxidant; stimulates collagen; some UV protection; reduces hyperpigmentation; anti-inflammatory; anti-acne; anti-rosacea
⁷lecithin	moisturizing phospholipid; emulsifies & thickens a product; water-binder; mild preservative; penetrates skin well so is a great ingredient others can "piggyback on" into your skin
⁸hydrogenated castor oil	used as an oily base ingredient; with PEG it's a non-ionic surfactant and is used as a solubilizer for essential oils.
⁹Glycerin	A humectant moisturizer; usually used as a base in (light) moisturizers
¹⁰evening primrose	very rich & delicate skin-friendly moisturizing oil; anti-inflammatory & great for eczema & psoriasis
¹¹disodium EDTA	preservative & product stabilizer; helps the topical penetration of active ingredients; chelating agent
¹²Cyclopentasiloxane	Silicone; makes stuff easily spreadable; used as a conditioner, delivery agent, lubricant & solvent. Helps deliver other, heavier, silicones also in a product (like dimethicone)
¹³Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride	Coconut derived emollient moisturizer, sometimes used as a thickener. Rich in fatty acids that replenish skin; has a silky, dry oil feel
¹⁴butylene glycol	solvent; penetration enhancer; humectant moisturizer; in cleansing creams it dissolves dirt, avoids the product from drying too quickly during the removal stage & helps formulas spread better
¹⁵benzoic acid	anti-fungal preservative; a mild irritant to the skin, it can cause allergic reactions.
¹⁶ascorbyl palmitate	A moisturizing vitamin C ester, fat/lipid soluble, antioxidant and preservative
¹⁷allantoin	considered an effective anti-irritant; an occlusive that temporarily helps protect from chapped skin or windburn damage; softens skin & exfoliates; also a preservative
¹⁸Glycereth-26	moisturizing & dispersing agent (in a formula)
¹⁹Linoleamidopropyl PG-Dimonium Chloride Phosphate	Can function as a stabilizer & solubilizer (helps one ingredient dissolve into another); Potential topical skin delivery of linoleic acid; Non-greasy emollient